This study introduces a new type of vaccine using bacteriophage T4 nanoparticles to create a dual COVID-19 and flu nasal spray vaccine. Unlike traditional shots, this vaccine is designed to be easily produced, stored without refrigeration, and administered without needles. By engineering the T4 virus-like particle to carry key pieces of both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, researchers created a powerful immune booster that trains the body to fight both viruses at their entry point—the respiratory tract. In animal tests, the vaccine triggered strong immune responses, producing high levels of protective antibodies and memory cells while preventing severe infection from both viruses. The study suggests this approach could be a game-changer for quickly developing effective vaccines against future respiratory pandemics.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/smsc.202400580